¹George Wurtz Hughes, Report on Some of the most Important Hydraulic Works of Holland. Washington: Printed by Order of Congress, 1843. (Not seen.)

²S. v., "René La Roche," in The Biographical Encyclopedia of Pennsylvania (Philadelphia: Galaxy Publishing Co., 1874).

³Bruce Sinclair, Philadelphia's Philosopher Mechanics: A History of the Franklin Institute, 1824-1865 (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1974), p. 321.

⁴Horace Wemyss Smith, Life and Correspondence of the Rev. William Smith, D. D. 2 vols. (Philadelphia: S. A. George & Co., 1879), pp. 523-24; Hazard's Register of Pennsylvania 8 (December 1883): 362.

⁵Bache's European diary prior to his Parisian stay was partially published in Nathan Reingold, et al., ed., The Papers of Joseph Henry. 4 vols. to date. (Washington: Smithsonian, 1972- ), 3: 166-70, 206-09, 231-41, 243-46, 250-53, 297-98.

⁶Whitfield J, Bell, Jr., "James Hutchinson (1752-1793): Letters from an American Student in London," Transactions and Studies of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia, 4th series, 34 (July 1966): 20-25. Bell's article prints in part three of Hutchinson's letters from England.

⁷Whitfield J. Bell, Jr., "Thomas Parke's Student Life in England and Scotland, 1771-1773," Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 75 (1951): 237-59.

⁸Wyndham Miles, "Thomas Peters Smith: A Typical Early American Chemist," Joumal of Chemical Education 30 (1953): 184-85.

⁹The Papers of Benjamin Franklin. Leonard Labaree and William B. Willcox, eds. 23 vols. to date. (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1959-